The answers are expected to come from ongoing and planned clinical trials of these investigational devices.
Dr. Clyde W. Yancy, who chaired the writing committee for the 2013 ACC/AHA (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association) Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure (J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2013;62:e147-239), noted that the guidelines endorse LVADs as destination therapy or bridge to transplant or recovery in carefully selected patients with advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, with a class IIa/level of evidence B recommendation.
"Mechanical circulatory support is no longer a Hail Mary pass. This is no longer an experimental intervention. This really should be incorporated in our usual thought processes in advanced heart failure," said Dr. Yancy, professor of medicine and of medical social sciences and chief of cardiology at Northwestern University, Chicago.
He noted that the guidelines list a number of clinical events and other findings that are useful in identifying patients who have progressed to advanced heart failure, at which point he said it’s time to communicate with a center that can evaluate the patient for a possible LVAD or heart transplantation. These indicators include two or more hospitalizations or emergency department visits for heart failure in the past year, progressive deterioration in renal function, intolerance to beta-blocker therapy, unexplained weight loss, or inability to walk one block on level ground because of fatigue or shortness of breath.
Dr. Mack and Dr. Yancy reported having no financial conflicts.