Coronavirus impact on medical education: Thoughts from two GI fellows’ perspectives

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Introduction

We are living in an unprecedented time. During March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, our institution removed all medical students from rotations with direct patient contact to prioritize their safety and well-being, following recommendations made by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC).1 Similarly, we as gastroenterology fellows experienced an upheaval in our usual schedules and routines. Some of us were redeployed to other areas of the hospital, such as inpatient wards and emergency departments, to meet the needs of our patients and our health system. These changes were difficult, not only because we were practicing in different roles, but also because unknown situations commonly incite fear and anxiety.

Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke

Among the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic were the changes thrust upon medical students who suddenly found themselves without clinical exposure (both on core clerkships and electives) for the duration of the academic year.2 We too lost many of our educational and teaching opportunities as we adapted to our changing circumstances and new reality. Therefore, we endeavored to create an interactive, online GI curriculum for our students to complete during their time away from clinical medicine to promote at-home learning for our students and build bridges within our educational community during a tumultuous time. We used the lessons we learned because of the changes in our own medical education to anticipate the best ways to provide learning opportunities for our students.
 

GI fellows’ experiences

The changes to our schedules and lack of in-person educational conferences seemingly happened overnight – the shock of being pulled from clinics, consults, and endoscopy left us feeling scared and lonely. We were quickly transitioned from knowing our roles and responsibilities as GI providers to taking over care for hospitalist patients as the “primary team,” working in the COVID emergency department (ED), and losing our clinic space. Redeployment to other clinical environments was anxiety-provoking. Self-doubt and fear were the most cited concerns as we asked ourselves: Do I remember enough general medicine to be an effective hospitalist? How do I place admission orders or perform a medication reconciliation on discharge? What can I expect in the COVID ED? Will I have to intubate someone? What about possible PPE shortages? Are my family members safe at home? Should I stay in a hotel? Do we have estimates on how long this will last?

Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell

Clinical schedules were reconfigured to consolidate the use of inpatient fellows and allow for reserves of fellows to be redeployed if needed. Schedules for the following 7 days were made just 48 hours prior to the start of each workweek. The anticipation and fear of the unknown were perhaps the hardest parts of the changes in our clinical learning environment. Little time was provided to make child care arrangements, coordinate with the schedules of significant others, or review topics and skills we might need in the next week that had gone unused for some time.

Our conference schedule was pared down considerably as fellows and attendings adjusted to their new responsibilities and a virtual platform for fellows’ education. While the transition to online lectures was seamless, the spirit of conference certainly changed. Impromptu questions and conversations that oftentimes arise organically during case conferences no longer occurred as virtual meetings do not offer the same space to foster these discussions as we awkwardly muted and unmuted ourselves. Participation in lectures seemed disjointed, which translated in some ways to less effective learning opportunities. Our involvement in endoscopy was also removed as only urgent cases were being performed and PPE conservation was of the utmost priority. This was especially concerning for third-year fellows on the cusp of graduation who would soon be independent practitioners without recent procedural practice. In general, the fellowship felt isolated and uncertain, which our program director addressed with weekly virtual COVID-19 “happy hour” updates.
 

 

 

GI fellows’ contribution

As our program encouraged us to come together during this time to support each other, we realized that while our clinical duties may look different during the COVID-19 crisis, our responsibility to learners was more important than ever. At many academic institutions, GI fellows are referred to as “the face of the division” owed in large part to our consistent presence on consult services and roles as teachers for medical students and residents who rotate with us. In an effort to assist the medical school’s charge to rapidly generate at-home curriculum for our students, we created an online curriculum for medical students to complete during the time they were previously scheduled to rotate with us on consults either as third- or fourth-year students.

We designed a series of interactive podcasts covering six topics that are commonly encountered issues on the GI consult service: upper GI bleeding, lower GI bleeding, biliary sepsis, acute pancreatitis, chronic diarrhea with a new diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as cirrhosis and its associated complications.

Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
The podcasts were created using H5P, a free and open-source collaboration framework that allows users to produce interactive slide shows, videos, quizzes, and more. Multiple integration platforms for H5P exist allowing content to be directly embedded into online syllabi for students to easily access from their computers, tablets, or smartphones. Examples of these platforms include Canvas, Moodle, and Blackboard, among others.3 Our podcasts were formatted as case-based presentations with comprehension questions built into the instructive session so that students may test their understanding prior to proceeding through the module. Each podcast includes a didactic lecture covering epidemiology, patient presentation, disease evaluation and management, and clinical complications that are encountered for each of the six topics listed above. The podcast content, slide shows, and narration were created solely by our GI fellows and published online for students within 4 weeks to provide them with learning resources as quickly as possible. These podcasts have since been integrated into a formal online curriculum with the help of educators from the AGA Education Committee and have been shared with GI educators at more than 50 medical schools in the United States.

Figure: Sample slides from podcast highlighting interactive components of the lecture including multiple choice and true or false questions as well as embedded hyperlinks that take learners directly to primary literature.
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a very real set of challenges for those in our community charged with educating the next generation of physicians at both personal and institutional levels. We are grappling with the ethics of teaching our students to be present for patients and our communities during times of need, yet we want deeply to protect them from exposure to a highly infectious disease and safeguard them from harm. We have transitioned their early-phase learning to online modules but have delayed their clinical training by postponing clerkships, electives, shelf exams, evaluations, and exercises that are essential to their successes as future intern and resident physicians. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) has identified elective time during the fourth year of medical school as the block in which students will ultimately complete those core clerkships that are currently being delayed.2 Therefore, the ability to simulate clinical learning, akin to bedside teaching, is paramount to ensure their ongoing success and growth during this critical time away from our hospitals.
 

 

 

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant change in the daily activities of GI fellows including new responsibilities and a great need for adaptation. We hope that the lessons the COVID-19 pandemic has taught us – to think of others and make our talents available to those who need them, to look for ways to adapt to challenges, to live in the present but focus on the future, and to spread creativity when able – will continue long after the curve has flattened.

References

1. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/residents-students/medical-school-life/online-learning-during-covid-19-tips-help-med-students. Apr 3, 2020.

2. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/covid-19-how-virus-impacting-medical-schools. Mar 20, 2020.

3. “H5P: Create, share and reuse interactive HTML5 content in your browser.” H5P website. https://h5p.org.
 

Dr. Bhavsar-Burke and Dr. Jansson-Knodell are GI fellows in the division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis. The authors have no conflicts of interest.

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Introduction

We are living in an unprecedented time. During March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, our institution removed all medical students from rotations with direct patient contact to prioritize their safety and well-being, following recommendations made by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC).1 Similarly, we as gastroenterology fellows experienced an upheaval in our usual schedules and routines. Some of us were redeployed to other areas of the hospital, such as inpatient wards and emergency departments, to meet the needs of our patients and our health system. These changes were difficult, not only because we were practicing in different roles, but also because unknown situations commonly incite fear and anxiety.

Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke

Among the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic were the changes thrust upon medical students who suddenly found themselves without clinical exposure (both on core clerkships and electives) for the duration of the academic year.2 We too lost many of our educational and teaching opportunities as we adapted to our changing circumstances and new reality. Therefore, we endeavored to create an interactive, online GI curriculum for our students to complete during their time away from clinical medicine to promote at-home learning for our students and build bridges within our educational community during a tumultuous time. We used the lessons we learned because of the changes in our own medical education to anticipate the best ways to provide learning opportunities for our students.
 

GI fellows’ experiences

The changes to our schedules and lack of in-person educational conferences seemingly happened overnight – the shock of being pulled from clinics, consults, and endoscopy left us feeling scared and lonely. We were quickly transitioned from knowing our roles and responsibilities as GI providers to taking over care for hospitalist patients as the “primary team,” working in the COVID emergency department (ED), and losing our clinic space. Redeployment to other clinical environments was anxiety-provoking. Self-doubt and fear were the most cited concerns as we asked ourselves: Do I remember enough general medicine to be an effective hospitalist? How do I place admission orders or perform a medication reconciliation on discharge? What can I expect in the COVID ED? Will I have to intubate someone? What about possible PPE shortages? Are my family members safe at home? Should I stay in a hotel? Do we have estimates on how long this will last?

Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell

Clinical schedules were reconfigured to consolidate the use of inpatient fellows and allow for reserves of fellows to be redeployed if needed. Schedules for the following 7 days were made just 48 hours prior to the start of each workweek. The anticipation and fear of the unknown were perhaps the hardest parts of the changes in our clinical learning environment. Little time was provided to make child care arrangements, coordinate with the schedules of significant others, or review topics and skills we might need in the next week that had gone unused for some time.

Our conference schedule was pared down considerably as fellows and attendings adjusted to their new responsibilities and a virtual platform for fellows’ education. While the transition to online lectures was seamless, the spirit of conference certainly changed. Impromptu questions and conversations that oftentimes arise organically during case conferences no longer occurred as virtual meetings do not offer the same space to foster these discussions as we awkwardly muted and unmuted ourselves. Participation in lectures seemed disjointed, which translated in some ways to less effective learning opportunities. Our involvement in endoscopy was also removed as only urgent cases were being performed and PPE conservation was of the utmost priority. This was especially concerning for third-year fellows on the cusp of graduation who would soon be independent practitioners without recent procedural practice. In general, the fellowship felt isolated and uncertain, which our program director addressed with weekly virtual COVID-19 “happy hour” updates.
 

 

 

GI fellows’ contribution

As our program encouraged us to come together during this time to support each other, we realized that while our clinical duties may look different during the COVID-19 crisis, our responsibility to learners was more important than ever. At many academic institutions, GI fellows are referred to as “the face of the division” owed in large part to our consistent presence on consult services and roles as teachers for medical students and residents who rotate with us. In an effort to assist the medical school’s charge to rapidly generate at-home curriculum for our students, we created an online curriculum for medical students to complete during the time they were previously scheduled to rotate with us on consults either as third- or fourth-year students.

We designed a series of interactive podcasts covering six topics that are commonly encountered issues on the GI consult service: upper GI bleeding, lower GI bleeding, biliary sepsis, acute pancreatitis, chronic diarrhea with a new diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as cirrhosis and its associated complications.

Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
The podcasts were created using H5P, a free and open-source collaboration framework that allows users to produce interactive slide shows, videos, quizzes, and more. Multiple integration platforms for H5P exist allowing content to be directly embedded into online syllabi for students to easily access from their computers, tablets, or smartphones. Examples of these platforms include Canvas, Moodle, and Blackboard, among others.3 Our podcasts were formatted as case-based presentations with comprehension questions built into the instructive session so that students may test their understanding prior to proceeding through the module. Each podcast includes a didactic lecture covering epidemiology, patient presentation, disease evaluation and management, and clinical complications that are encountered for each of the six topics listed above. The podcast content, slide shows, and narration were created solely by our GI fellows and published online for students within 4 weeks to provide them with learning resources as quickly as possible. These podcasts have since been integrated into a formal online curriculum with the help of educators from the AGA Education Committee and have been shared with GI educators at more than 50 medical schools in the United States.

Figure: Sample slides from podcast highlighting interactive components of the lecture including multiple choice and true or false questions as well as embedded hyperlinks that take learners directly to primary literature.
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a very real set of challenges for those in our community charged with educating the next generation of physicians at both personal and institutional levels. We are grappling with the ethics of teaching our students to be present for patients and our communities during times of need, yet we want deeply to protect them from exposure to a highly infectious disease and safeguard them from harm. We have transitioned their early-phase learning to online modules but have delayed their clinical training by postponing clerkships, electives, shelf exams, evaluations, and exercises that are essential to their successes as future intern and resident physicians. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) has identified elective time during the fourth year of medical school as the block in which students will ultimately complete those core clerkships that are currently being delayed.2 Therefore, the ability to simulate clinical learning, akin to bedside teaching, is paramount to ensure their ongoing success and growth during this critical time away from our hospitals.
 

 

 

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant change in the daily activities of GI fellows including new responsibilities and a great need for adaptation. We hope that the lessons the COVID-19 pandemic has taught us – to think of others and make our talents available to those who need them, to look for ways to adapt to challenges, to live in the present but focus on the future, and to spread creativity when able – will continue long after the curve has flattened.

References

1. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/residents-students/medical-school-life/online-learning-during-covid-19-tips-help-med-students. Apr 3, 2020.

2. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/covid-19-how-virus-impacting-medical-schools. Mar 20, 2020.

3. “H5P: Create, share and reuse interactive HTML5 content in your browser.” H5P website. https://h5p.org.
 

Dr. Bhavsar-Burke and Dr. Jansson-Knodell are GI fellows in the division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis. The authors have no conflicts of interest.

 

Introduction

We are living in an unprecedented time. During March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, our institution removed all medical students from rotations with direct patient contact to prioritize their safety and well-being, following recommendations made by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC).1 Similarly, we as gastroenterology fellows experienced an upheaval in our usual schedules and routines. Some of us were redeployed to other areas of the hospital, such as inpatient wards and emergency departments, to meet the needs of our patients and our health system. These changes were difficult, not only because we were practicing in different roles, but also because unknown situations commonly incite fear and anxiety.

Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Indira Bhavsar-Burke

Among the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic were the changes thrust upon medical students who suddenly found themselves without clinical exposure (both on core clerkships and electives) for the duration of the academic year.2 We too lost many of our educational and teaching opportunities as we adapted to our changing circumstances and new reality. Therefore, we endeavored to create an interactive, online GI curriculum for our students to complete during their time away from clinical medicine to promote at-home learning for our students and build bridges within our educational community during a tumultuous time. We used the lessons we learned because of the changes in our own medical education to anticipate the best ways to provide learning opportunities for our students.
 

GI fellows’ experiences

The changes to our schedules and lack of in-person educational conferences seemingly happened overnight – the shock of being pulled from clinics, consults, and endoscopy left us feeling scared and lonely. We were quickly transitioned from knowing our roles and responsibilities as GI providers to taking over care for hospitalist patients as the “primary team,” working in the COVID emergency department (ED), and losing our clinic space. Redeployment to other clinical environments was anxiety-provoking. Self-doubt and fear were the most cited concerns as we asked ourselves: Do I remember enough general medicine to be an effective hospitalist? How do I place admission orders or perform a medication reconciliation on discharge? What can I expect in the COVID ED? Will I have to intubate someone? What about possible PPE shortages? Are my family members safe at home? Should I stay in a hotel? Do we have estimates on how long this will last?

Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell, GI fellow, division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
Dr. Claire L. Jansson-Knodell

Clinical schedules were reconfigured to consolidate the use of inpatient fellows and allow for reserves of fellows to be redeployed if needed. Schedules for the following 7 days were made just 48 hours prior to the start of each workweek. The anticipation and fear of the unknown were perhaps the hardest parts of the changes in our clinical learning environment. Little time was provided to make child care arrangements, coordinate with the schedules of significant others, or review topics and skills we might need in the next week that had gone unused for some time.

Our conference schedule was pared down considerably as fellows and attendings adjusted to their new responsibilities and a virtual platform for fellows’ education. While the transition to online lectures was seamless, the spirit of conference certainly changed. Impromptu questions and conversations that oftentimes arise organically during case conferences no longer occurred as virtual meetings do not offer the same space to foster these discussions as we awkwardly muted and unmuted ourselves. Participation in lectures seemed disjointed, which translated in some ways to less effective learning opportunities. Our involvement in endoscopy was also removed as only urgent cases were being performed and PPE conservation was of the utmost priority. This was especially concerning for third-year fellows on the cusp of graduation who would soon be independent practitioners without recent procedural practice. In general, the fellowship felt isolated and uncertain, which our program director addressed with weekly virtual COVID-19 “happy hour” updates.
 

 

 

GI fellows’ contribution

As our program encouraged us to come together during this time to support each other, we realized that while our clinical duties may look different during the COVID-19 crisis, our responsibility to learners was more important than ever. At many academic institutions, GI fellows are referred to as “the face of the division” owed in large part to our consistent presence on consult services and roles as teachers for medical students and residents who rotate with us. In an effort to assist the medical school’s charge to rapidly generate at-home curriculum for our students, we created an online curriculum for medical students to complete during the time they were previously scheduled to rotate with us on consults either as third- or fourth-year students.

We designed a series of interactive podcasts covering six topics that are commonly encountered issues on the GI consult service: upper GI bleeding, lower GI bleeding, biliary sepsis, acute pancreatitis, chronic diarrhea with a new diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as cirrhosis and its associated complications.

Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
Table: Topics covered in the interactive online GI elective
The podcasts were created using H5P, a free and open-source collaboration framework that allows users to produce interactive slide shows, videos, quizzes, and more. Multiple integration platforms for H5P exist allowing content to be directly embedded into online syllabi for students to easily access from their computers, tablets, or smartphones. Examples of these platforms include Canvas, Moodle, and Blackboard, among others.3 Our podcasts were formatted as case-based presentations with comprehension questions built into the instructive session so that students may test their understanding prior to proceeding through the module. Each podcast includes a didactic lecture covering epidemiology, patient presentation, disease evaluation and management, and clinical complications that are encountered for each of the six topics listed above. The podcast content, slide shows, and narration were created solely by our GI fellows and published online for students within 4 weeks to provide them with learning resources as quickly as possible. These podcasts have since been integrated into a formal online curriculum with the help of educators from the AGA Education Committee and have been shared with GI educators at more than 50 medical schools in the United States.

Figure: Sample slides from podcast highlighting interactive components of the lecture including multiple choice and true or false questions as well as embedded hyperlinks that take learners directly to primary literature.
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a very real set of challenges for those in our community charged with educating the next generation of physicians at both personal and institutional levels. We are grappling with the ethics of teaching our students to be present for patients and our communities during times of need, yet we want deeply to protect them from exposure to a highly infectious disease and safeguard them from harm. We have transitioned their early-phase learning to online modules but have delayed their clinical training by postponing clerkships, electives, shelf exams, evaluations, and exercises that are essential to their successes as future intern and resident physicians. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) has identified elective time during the fourth year of medical school as the block in which students will ultimately complete those core clerkships that are currently being delayed.2 Therefore, the ability to simulate clinical learning, akin to bedside teaching, is paramount to ensure their ongoing success and growth during this critical time away from our hospitals.
 

 

 

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant change in the daily activities of GI fellows including new responsibilities and a great need for adaptation. We hope that the lessons the COVID-19 pandemic has taught us – to think of others and make our talents available to those who need them, to look for ways to adapt to challenges, to live in the present but focus on the future, and to spread creativity when able – will continue long after the curve has flattened.

References

1. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/residents-students/medical-school-life/online-learning-during-covid-19-tips-help-med-students. Apr 3, 2020.

2. Murphy B. American Medical Association website. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/covid-19-how-virus-impacting-medical-schools. Mar 20, 2020.

3. “H5P: Create, share and reuse interactive HTML5 content in your browser.” H5P website. https://h5p.org.
 

Dr. Bhavsar-Burke and Dr. Jansson-Knodell are GI fellows in the division of gastroenterology and hepatology, department of medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis. The authors have no conflicts of interest.

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