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SAN ANTONIO – In adults of normal weight, a small controlled study has shown that a , independent of caloric intake.
The findings come from an 8-week controlled trial presented at the annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, which set out to examine the impact of a daytime versus delayed eating schedule on body mass, adiposity, and energy homeostasis in adults of normal weight.
“It is best to stop eating as early as possible in the day, and to not eat late at night,” the study’s first author, Namni Goel, PhD, said in an interview at the meeting. “There’s an open question in our field: Should you stop eating at 7:00 p.m.? 8:00 p.m.? My own feeling is, the longer it is between when you stop eating and go to bed, the better off you are metabolically.”
Dr. Goel, associate professor in the division of sleep and chronobiology in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and colleagues enrolled 12 healthy adults to participate in a randomized cross-over study in free-living conditions. Three meals and two snacks consisting of comparable energy and macronutrient content were provided during two 8-week counterbalanced phases: 1) daytime eating (food consumed between 8:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m, and 2) delayed eating (food consumed between 12:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. A 2-week washout period occurred between the conditions. “What we wanted to do is just manipulate the timing of eating and we provided all of the meals so we could control the caloric intake,” Dr. Goel said.
The researchers asked participants to maintain a sleep-wake cycle between 11:00 p.m. and 9:00 a.m. (verified by wrist actigraphy) and to limit physical activity. They assessed weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal markers during four inpatient visits: 1) baseline; 2) after the first eating condition; 3) after the washout period, before the second eating condition began; and 4) after the second eating condition. They used two-way analysis of variance and Cohen’s d effect sizes to examine changes in anthropometrics and metabolic measures affected by eating schedule (daytime vs. delayed) and time (before vs. after each eating schedule).
The mean age of 12 study participants was 26 years; five were females. Their mean body mass index was 21.9 kg/m2. Dr. Goel reported that participants had excellent adherence to assigned eating schedules, with no differences between the conditions. Weight was decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating schedule. Specifically, Cohen’s d effect sizes were 0.57 overall: 1.16 for females and 0.33 for males, all in the small to large range. Resting energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and trunk fat percentage/leg fat percentage were decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating condition, with Cohen’s d effect sizes of 0.45-1.02, all in the medium to large range. In addition, total cholesterol and insulin were decreased on the daytime eating condition (medium effect sizes of 0.60 and 0.57, respectively), while triglycerides and glucose were increased on the delayed condition (medium effect sizes of 0.46 and 0.52, respectively).
Weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal measures did not differ significantly between the pre-daytime and pre-delayed eating conditions, suggesting that they returned to pre-condition levels after the washout period.
“One of the things we’re advocating is that with consistent daytime eating, you can lose weight and/or remain at weight maintenance,” Dr. Goel said. “Consistency is very important. Across 8 weeks, you’re becoming metabolically healthier because you’re not eating that late-night meal or snack. We had shown in previous sleep loss studies that people were eating 500 calories late in the evening on consecutive nights and gaining a substantial amount of weight.”
She and her colleagues are currently enrolling obese individuals into a similarly designed trial, “where we expect much bigger changes metabolically,” she said. The study was funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Goel reported having no financial disclosures.
SOURCE: Goel N et al. SLEEP 2019, Abstract 0036.
SAN ANTONIO – In adults of normal weight, a small controlled study has shown that a , independent of caloric intake.
The findings come from an 8-week controlled trial presented at the annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, which set out to examine the impact of a daytime versus delayed eating schedule on body mass, adiposity, and energy homeostasis in adults of normal weight.
“It is best to stop eating as early as possible in the day, and to not eat late at night,” the study’s first author, Namni Goel, PhD, said in an interview at the meeting. “There’s an open question in our field: Should you stop eating at 7:00 p.m.? 8:00 p.m.? My own feeling is, the longer it is between when you stop eating and go to bed, the better off you are metabolically.”
Dr. Goel, associate professor in the division of sleep and chronobiology in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and colleagues enrolled 12 healthy adults to participate in a randomized cross-over study in free-living conditions. Three meals and two snacks consisting of comparable energy and macronutrient content were provided during two 8-week counterbalanced phases: 1) daytime eating (food consumed between 8:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m, and 2) delayed eating (food consumed between 12:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. A 2-week washout period occurred between the conditions. “What we wanted to do is just manipulate the timing of eating and we provided all of the meals so we could control the caloric intake,” Dr. Goel said.
The researchers asked participants to maintain a sleep-wake cycle between 11:00 p.m. and 9:00 a.m. (verified by wrist actigraphy) and to limit physical activity. They assessed weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal markers during four inpatient visits: 1) baseline; 2) after the first eating condition; 3) after the washout period, before the second eating condition began; and 4) after the second eating condition. They used two-way analysis of variance and Cohen’s d effect sizes to examine changes in anthropometrics and metabolic measures affected by eating schedule (daytime vs. delayed) and time (before vs. after each eating schedule).
The mean age of 12 study participants was 26 years; five were females. Their mean body mass index was 21.9 kg/m2. Dr. Goel reported that participants had excellent adherence to assigned eating schedules, with no differences between the conditions. Weight was decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating schedule. Specifically, Cohen’s d effect sizes were 0.57 overall: 1.16 for females and 0.33 for males, all in the small to large range. Resting energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and trunk fat percentage/leg fat percentage were decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating condition, with Cohen’s d effect sizes of 0.45-1.02, all in the medium to large range. In addition, total cholesterol and insulin were decreased on the daytime eating condition (medium effect sizes of 0.60 and 0.57, respectively), while triglycerides and glucose were increased on the delayed condition (medium effect sizes of 0.46 and 0.52, respectively).
Weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal measures did not differ significantly between the pre-daytime and pre-delayed eating conditions, suggesting that they returned to pre-condition levels after the washout period.
“One of the things we’re advocating is that with consistent daytime eating, you can lose weight and/or remain at weight maintenance,” Dr. Goel said. “Consistency is very important. Across 8 weeks, you’re becoming metabolically healthier because you’re not eating that late-night meal or snack. We had shown in previous sleep loss studies that people were eating 500 calories late in the evening on consecutive nights and gaining a substantial amount of weight.”
She and her colleagues are currently enrolling obese individuals into a similarly designed trial, “where we expect much bigger changes metabolically,” she said. The study was funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Goel reported having no financial disclosures.
SOURCE: Goel N et al. SLEEP 2019, Abstract 0036.
SAN ANTONIO – In adults of normal weight, a small controlled study has shown that a , independent of caloric intake.
The findings come from an 8-week controlled trial presented at the annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, which set out to examine the impact of a daytime versus delayed eating schedule on body mass, adiposity, and energy homeostasis in adults of normal weight.
“It is best to stop eating as early as possible in the day, and to not eat late at night,” the study’s first author, Namni Goel, PhD, said in an interview at the meeting. “There’s an open question in our field: Should you stop eating at 7:00 p.m.? 8:00 p.m.? My own feeling is, the longer it is between when you stop eating and go to bed, the better off you are metabolically.”
Dr. Goel, associate professor in the division of sleep and chronobiology in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and colleagues enrolled 12 healthy adults to participate in a randomized cross-over study in free-living conditions. Three meals and two snacks consisting of comparable energy and macronutrient content were provided during two 8-week counterbalanced phases: 1) daytime eating (food consumed between 8:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m, and 2) delayed eating (food consumed between 12:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. A 2-week washout period occurred between the conditions. “What we wanted to do is just manipulate the timing of eating and we provided all of the meals so we could control the caloric intake,” Dr. Goel said.
The researchers asked participants to maintain a sleep-wake cycle between 11:00 p.m. and 9:00 a.m. (verified by wrist actigraphy) and to limit physical activity. They assessed weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal markers during four inpatient visits: 1) baseline; 2) after the first eating condition; 3) after the washout period, before the second eating condition began; and 4) after the second eating condition. They used two-way analysis of variance and Cohen’s d effect sizes to examine changes in anthropometrics and metabolic measures affected by eating schedule (daytime vs. delayed) and time (before vs. after each eating schedule).
The mean age of 12 study participants was 26 years; five were females. Their mean body mass index was 21.9 kg/m2. Dr. Goel reported that participants had excellent adherence to assigned eating schedules, with no differences between the conditions. Weight was decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating schedule. Specifically, Cohen’s d effect sizes were 0.57 overall: 1.16 for females and 0.33 for males, all in the small to large range. Resting energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and trunk fat percentage/leg fat percentage were decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating condition, with Cohen’s d effect sizes of 0.45-1.02, all in the medium to large range. In addition, total cholesterol and insulin were decreased on the daytime eating condition (medium effect sizes of 0.60 and 0.57, respectively), while triglycerides and glucose were increased on the delayed condition (medium effect sizes of 0.46 and 0.52, respectively).
Weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal measures did not differ significantly between the pre-daytime and pre-delayed eating conditions, suggesting that they returned to pre-condition levels after the washout period.
“One of the things we’re advocating is that with consistent daytime eating, you can lose weight and/or remain at weight maintenance,” Dr. Goel said. “Consistency is very important. Across 8 weeks, you’re becoming metabolically healthier because you’re not eating that late-night meal or snack. We had shown in previous sleep loss studies that people were eating 500 calories late in the evening on consecutive nights and gaining a substantial amount of weight.”
She and her colleagues are currently enrolling obese individuals into a similarly designed trial, “where we expect much bigger changes metabolically,” she said. The study was funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Goel reported having no financial disclosures.
SOURCE: Goel N et al. SLEEP 2019, Abstract 0036.
REPORTING FROM SLEEP 2019
Key clinical point: A daytime eating schedule is likely beneficial for weight management and metabolic health.
Major finding: Weight was decreased on the daytime vs. delayed eating schedule with Cohen’s d effect of 0.57 overall: 1.16 for females and 0.33 for males, all in the small to large range.
Study details: A randomized trial of 12 healthy adults with normal body weight.
Disclosures: The study was funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Goel reported having no financial disclosures.
Source: Goel N et al. SLEEP 2019, Abstract 0036.