Low-Fat Vegan Diet May Improve Cardiometabolic Health in T1D

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All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>A low-fat vegan diet — high in fiber and carbohydrates and moderate in protein — reduces insulin requirement, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves glycem</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>The diet, without carbohydrate or portion restrictions, improved glycemic control.</teaser> <title>Low-Fat Vegan Diet May Improve Cardiometabolic Health in T1D</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>card</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>endo</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term>5</term> <term canonical="true">34</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> </publications> <sections> <term>27970</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">205</term> <term>194</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Low-Fat Vegan Diet May Improve Cardiometabolic Health in T1D</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <h2>TOPLINE:</h2> <p>A low-fat vegan diet — high in fiber and carbohydrates and moderate in protein — reduces insulin requirement, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with a conventional portion-controlled diet.</p> <h2>METHODOLOGY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The effects of a low-fat vegan diet (without carbohydrate or portion restriction) were compared with those of a conventional portion-controlled, carbohydrate-controlled diet in 58 patients with T1D (age, ≥ 18 years) who had been receiving stable insulin treatment for the past 3 months.</li> <li>Participants were randomly assigned to receive either the vegan diet (n = 29), comprising vegetables, grains, legumes, and fruits, or the portion-controlled diet (n = 29), which reduced daily energy intake by 500-1000 kcal/d in participants with overweight while maintaining a stable carbohydrate intake.</li> <li>The primary clinical outcomes were insulin requirement (total daily dose of insulin), insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control (A1c).</li> <li>Other assessments included the blood, lipid profile, blood urea nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio, and body weight.</li> </ul> <h2>TAKEAWAY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The study was completed by 18 participants in the vegan-diet group and 17 in the portion-controlled group.</li> <li>In the vegan group, the total daily dose of insulin decreased by 12.1 units/d (<em>P</em> = .007) and insulin sensitivity increased by 6.6 g of carbohydrate per unit of insulin on average (<em>P</em> = .002), with no significant changes in the portion-controlled diet group.</li> <li>Participants on the vegan diet had lower levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen and a lower blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio (<em>P</em> for all &lt; .001), whereas both vegan and portion-controlled groups had lower A1c levels.</li> <li>Body weight decreased by 5.2 kg (<em>P</em> &lt; .001) in the vegan group; there were no significant changes in the portion-controlled group.</li> <li>For every 1-kg weight loss, there was a 2.16-unit decrease in the insulin total daily dose and a 0.9-unit increase in insulin sensitivity.</li> </ul> <h2>IN PRACTICE:</h2> <p>“This study provides substantial support for a low-fat vegan diet that is high in fiber and carbohydrates, low in fat, and moderate in protein” and suggests the potential therapeutic use of this diet in type 1 diabetes management, the authors wrote.</p> <h2>SOURCE:</h2> <p>The study led by Hana Kahleova, MD, PhD, Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, was <a href="https://diabetesjournals.org/clinical/article/doi/10.2337/cd23-0086/154329/Effect-of-a-Dietary-Intervention-on-Insulin">published</a> in <em>Clinical Diabetes</em>.</p> <h2>LIMITATIONS:</h2> <p>Dietary intake was recorded on the basis of self-reported data. A higher attrition rate was observed due to meal and blood glucose monitoring. The findings may have limited generalizability as the study participants comprised those seeking help for T1D.</p> <h2>DISCLOSURES:</h2> <p>The study was supported by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine and a grant from the Institute for Technology in Healthcare. Some authors reported receiving compensation, being cofounders of a coaching program, writing books, providing nutrition coaching, giving lectures, or receiving royalties and honoraria from various sources.</p> <p> <em>A version of this article appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/low-fat-vegan-diet-may-improve-cardiometabolic-health-t1d-2024a1000751">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>