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Findings from a systematic review may help guide treatment of patients with T1b esophageal cancer.
The review suggests that endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection are appropriate for T1b esophageal cancers with a low risk of metastasis. The authors identified several factors associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis and said patients with these risk factors may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation.
Mohamed O. Othman, MD, of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, and colleagues conducted the review. Their report is in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
The authors cited studies suggesting that survival rates would not be significantly different among early-stage esophageal cancer patients who undergo esophagectomy and those who receive endoscopic treatment, in the absence of lymph node metastasis. The risk of lymph node metastasis is higher in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) than in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), and in those with deeper submucosal invasion (greater than 200 microm for ESCC or greater than 500 microm for EAC). Patients also have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis if they have poorly differentiated tumors, tumors larger than 2 cm, or lymphovascular invasion.
In the studies cited in the review, overall 5-year survival for esophageal squamous cell CA (ESCC) ranged from 68.6% (chemoradiation therapy alone) to 75% (endoscopic resection followed by chemoradiation), compared with 77.7% for surgery. For esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), there is less data but greater efficacy, with one study demonstrating 5-year overall survival of 93.9% in the ESD group compared with 97.3% in the surgery group. However, only approximately 15 patients in this study were diagnosed T1b.
The authors concluded that “ESD or EMR can be successfully applied to submucosal invasive cancers that have a low risk of metastatic potential....Future research should focus on novel biological and immunohistochemistry markers which can aid in the prediction of tumor behavior and lymph node metastasis status in T1b esophageal cancer.”
The authors disclosed relationships with Olympus, Boston Scientific, Lumendi, Aries Pharmaceutical, and Fujinon.
SOURCE: Othman MO et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.045.
Findings from a systematic review may help guide treatment of patients with T1b esophageal cancer.
The review suggests that endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection are appropriate for T1b esophageal cancers with a low risk of metastasis. The authors identified several factors associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis and said patients with these risk factors may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation.
Mohamed O. Othman, MD, of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, and colleagues conducted the review. Their report is in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
The authors cited studies suggesting that survival rates would not be significantly different among early-stage esophageal cancer patients who undergo esophagectomy and those who receive endoscopic treatment, in the absence of lymph node metastasis. The risk of lymph node metastasis is higher in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) than in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), and in those with deeper submucosal invasion (greater than 200 microm for ESCC or greater than 500 microm for EAC). Patients also have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis if they have poorly differentiated tumors, tumors larger than 2 cm, or lymphovascular invasion.
In the studies cited in the review, overall 5-year survival for esophageal squamous cell CA (ESCC) ranged from 68.6% (chemoradiation therapy alone) to 75% (endoscopic resection followed by chemoradiation), compared with 77.7% for surgery. For esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), there is less data but greater efficacy, with one study demonstrating 5-year overall survival of 93.9% in the ESD group compared with 97.3% in the surgery group. However, only approximately 15 patients in this study were diagnosed T1b.
The authors concluded that “ESD or EMR can be successfully applied to submucosal invasive cancers that have a low risk of metastatic potential....Future research should focus on novel biological and immunohistochemistry markers which can aid in the prediction of tumor behavior and lymph node metastasis status in T1b esophageal cancer.”
The authors disclosed relationships with Olympus, Boston Scientific, Lumendi, Aries Pharmaceutical, and Fujinon.
SOURCE: Othman MO et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.045.
Findings from a systematic review may help guide treatment of patients with T1b esophageal cancer.
The review suggests that endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection are appropriate for T1b esophageal cancers with a low risk of metastasis. The authors identified several factors associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis and said patients with these risk factors may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation.
Mohamed O. Othman, MD, of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, and colleagues conducted the review. Their report is in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
The authors cited studies suggesting that survival rates would not be significantly different among early-stage esophageal cancer patients who undergo esophagectomy and those who receive endoscopic treatment, in the absence of lymph node metastasis. The risk of lymph node metastasis is higher in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) than in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), and in those with deeper submucosal invasion (greater than 200 microm for ESCC or greater than 500 microm for EAC). Patients also have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis if they have poorly differentiated tumors, tumors larger than 2 cm, or lymphovascular invasion.
In the studies cited in the review, overall 5-year survival for esophageal squamous cell CA (ESCC) ranged from 68.6% (chemoradiation therapy alone) to 75% (endoscopic resection followed by chemoradiation), compared with 77.7% for surgery. For esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), there is less data but greater efficacy, with one study demonstrating 5-year overall survival of 93.9% in the ESD group compared with 97.3% in the surgery group. However, only approximately 15 patients in this study were diagnosed T1b.
The authors concluded that “ESD or EMR can be successfully applied to submucosal invasive cancers that have a low risk of metastatic potential....Future research should focus on novel biological and immunohistochemistry markers which can aid in the prediction of tumor behavior and lymph node metastasis status in T1b esophageal cancer.”
The authors disclosed relationships with Olympus, Boston Scientific, Lumendi, Aries Pharmaceutical, and Fujinon.
SOURCE: Othman MO et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.045.
FROM CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY