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Monkeypox virus infections in children and adolescents in the United States are rare, and young patients with known infections have all recovered, according to a study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In addition, evidence suggests that secondary transmission in schools or childcare facilities may be unlikely.
The study was the first comprehensive study on the impact of monkeypox on children during the 2022 outbreak, according to a statement emailed to this news organization from the California Department of Public Health, one of the state health departments that partnered with the CDC to share information.
News of low infection rates and relatively mild disease was welcome to clinicians, who had braced for severe findings on the basis of sparse prior data, according to Peter Chin-Hong, MD, a professor of medicine and an infectious diseases physician at the University of California, San Francisco.
“We were on heightened alert that kids may do poorly,” said Dr. Chin-Hong, who was not involved in the study but who cared for monkeypox patients during the outbreak. “I think this study is reassuring.
“The other silver lining about it is that most of the kids got infected in the household setting from ways that you would expect them to get [infected],” Dr. Chin-Hong said in an interview.
However, Black and Hispanic children were more likely to contract the disease, underscoring troubling inequities.
“Early on, individuals of color were much less likely to be able to successfully access vaccination,” said first author Ian Hennessee, PhD, MPH, an epidemic intelligence service officer with the CDC and a member of the Special Case Investigation Unit of the Multinational Monkeypox Response Team at the CDC. “We think those kinds of structural inequities really trickled down towards the children and adolescents that have been affected by this outbreak.”
The study was published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
A nationwide look at the data
The researchers discussed 83 children and adolescents with monkeypox who came to the CDC’s attention between May 17 and Sept. 24, 2022.
The 83 cases represent 0.3% of the 25,038 reported monkeypox cases in the United States over that period. Of the 28 children aged 12 years or younger, 18 (64%) were boys. Sixteen children were younger than 4 years.
Exposure data were available for 20 (71%) of those aged 0-12. In that group, 19 were exposed at home; 17 cases were due to routine skin-to-skin contact with a household caregiver; and one case was suspected to be caused by fomites (such as a shared towel). Exposure information was unavailable for the remaining case.
Most of the children experienced lesions on the trunk. No lesions were anogenital. Two patients in the youngest age group were hospitalized because of widespread rash that involved the eyelids, and a patient in the 5- to 12-year-old group was hospitalized because of periorbital cellulitis and conjunctivitis.
Among those aged 13-17, there were 55 cases. Of these patients, 89% were boys. Exposure data were available for 35 (64%). In 32 of these patients, the infection occurred from presumed sexual contact. Twenty-three of those adolescents reported male-to-male sexual contact. No case was found to be connected with sexual abuse.
Lesions in the adolescents were mostly truncal or anogenital. Six in this group were hospitalized, and all of them recovered. One adolescent was found to be HIV positive.
Black and Hispanic children accounted for 47% and 35% of all cases, respectively.
Eleven percent of all the children and adolescents were hospitalized, and none received intensive care.
Treatments, when given, included the antiviral drug tecovirimat, intravenous vaccinia immune globulin, and topical trifluridine. There were no deaths.
Ten symptomatic patients attended school or daycare. Among these patients, no secondary transmissions were found to have occurred. Some contacts were offered the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis.
Limitations of the study included potentially overlooked cases. Data were collected through routine surveillance, children frequently experience rashes, and access to testing has been a challenge, Dr. Hennessee explained.
In addition, data on exposure characteristics were missing for some children.
Inequities and the risks of being judged
The outbreak in the United States has eased in recent months. However, though uncommon in children, monkeypox has affected some racial groups disproportionately.
“Especially in the later course of the outbreak, the majority of cases were among Black and Hispanic individuals,” said co-author Rachel E. Harold, MD, an infectious diseases specialist and supervisory medical officer with the District of Columbia Department of Health’s HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STDs, and TB Administration.
“Unfortunately, the pediatric cases do reflect the outbreak overall,” she told this news organization.
Dr. Harold noted there have been efforts in D.C. and other jurisdictions, as well as by the White House monkeypox response team, to reach populations at greatest risk and that they were “really trying to make vaccine available to people of color.”
Vaccination clinics often popped up in unexpected locations at short notice, and that made it hard for some people to get to them, Dr. Chin-Hong pointed out.
Another factor was “the public aspect of accessing diagnostics and vaccines and the way that that’s linked to potential judgment or sexual risk,” he added.
“Not everybody’s out,” Dr. Chin-Hong said, referring to members of the LGBTQ community. “In many communities of color, going to get a test or going to get a vaccine essentially means that you’re out.”
For clinicians who suspect monkeypox in a child, Dr. Harold suggests keeping a broad differential diagnosis, looking for an epidemiologic link, and contacting the CDC for assistance. Infected children should be encouraged to avoid touching their own eyes or mucous membranes, she added.
In addition, she said, tecovirimat is a reasonable treatment and is well tolerated by pediatric monkeypox patients with eczema, an underlying condition that could lead to severe disease.
For infected caregivers, Dr. Hennessee said, measures to prevent infecting children at home include isolation, contact precautions, and in some cases, postexposure prophylaxis via vaccination.
For sexually active adolescents, he advised that clinicians offer vaccination, education on sexual health, and testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
“It’s important to remember that adolescents may be sexually active, and clinicians should do a thorough and nonjudgmental sexual history,” Dr. Harold added. “That is always true, but especially if there is concern for [monkeypox].”
Dr. Hennessee, Dr. Chin-Hong, and Dr. Harold have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
Monkeypox virus infections in children and adolescents in the United States are rare, and young patients with known infections have all recovered, according to a study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In addition, evidence suggests that secondary transmission in schools or childcare facilities may be unlikely.
The study was the first comprehensive study on the impact of monkeypox on children during the 2022 outbreak, according to a statement emailed to this news organization from the California Department of Public Health, one of the state health departments that partnered with the CDC to share information.
News of low infection rates and relatively mild disease was welcome to clinicians, who had braced for severe findings on the basis of sparse prior data, according to Peter Chin-Hong, MD, a professor of medicine and an infectious diseases physician at the University of California, San Francisco.
“We were on heightened alert that kids may do poorly,” said Dr. Chin-Hong, who was not involved in the study but who cared for monkeypox patients during the outbreak. “I think this study is reassuring.
“The other silver lining about it is that most of the kids got infected in the household setting from ways that you would expect them to get [infected],” Dr. Chin-Hong said in an interview.
However, Black and Hispanic children were more likely to contract the disease, underscoring troubling inequities.
“Early on, individuals of color were much less likely to be able to successfully access vaccination,” said first author Ian Hennessee, PhD, MPH, an epidemic intelligence service officer with the CDC and a member of the Special Case Investigation Unit of the Multinational Monkeypox Response Team at the CDC. “We think those kinds of structural inequities really trickled down towards the children and adolescents that have been affected by this outbreak.”
The study was published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
A nationwide look at the data
The researchers discussed 83 children and adolescents with monkeypox who came to the CDC’s attention between May 17 and Sept. 24, 2022.
The 83 cases represent 0.3% of the 25,038 reported monkeypox cases in the United States over that period. Of the 28 children aged 12 years or younger, 18 (64%) were boys. Sixteen children were younger than 4 years.
Exposure data were available for 20 (71%) of those aged 0-12. In that group, 19 were exposed at home; 17 cases were due to routine skin-to-skin contact with a household caregiver; and one case was suspected to be caused by fomites (such as a shared towel). Exposure information was unavailable for the remaining case.
Most of the children experienced lesions on the trunk. No lesions were anogenital. Two patients in the youngest age group were hospitalized because of widespread rash that involved the eyelids, and a patient in the 5- to 12-year-old group was hospitalized because of periorbital cellulitis and conjunctivitis.
Among those aged 13-17, there were 55 cases. Of these patients, 89% were boys. Exposure data were available for 35 (64%). In 32 of these patients, the infection occurred from presumed sexual contact. Twenty-three of those adolescents reported male-to-male sexual contact. No case was found to be connected with sexual abuse.
Lesions in the adolescents were mostly truncal or anogenital. Six in this group were hospitalized, and all of them recovered. One adolescent was found to be HIV positive.
Black and Hispanic children accounted for 47% and 35% of all cases, respectively.
Eleven percent of all the children and adolescents were hospitalized, and none received intensive care.
Treatments, when given, included the antiviral drug tecovirimat, intravenous vaccinia immune globulin, and topical trifluridine. There were no deaths.
Ten symptomatic patients attended school or daycare. Among these patients, no secondary transmissions were found to have occurred. Some contacts were offered the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis.
Limitations of the study included potentially overlooked cases. Data were collected through routine surveillance, children frequently experience rashes, and access to testing has been a challenge, Dr. Hennessee explained.
In addition, data on exposure characteristics were missing for some children.
Inequities and the risks of being judged
The outbreak in the United States has eased in recent months. However, though uncommon in children, monkeypox has affected some racial groups disproportionately.
“Especially in the later course of the outbreak, the majority of cases were among Black and Hispanic individuals,” said co-author Rachel E. Harold, MD, an infectious diseases specialist and supervisory medical officer with the District of Columbia Department of Health’s HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STDs, and TB Administration.
“Unfortunately, the pediatric cases do reflect the outbreak overall,” she told this news organization.
Dr. Harold noted there have been efforts in D.C. and other jurisdictions, as well as by the White House monkeypox response team, to reach populations at greatest risk and that they were “really trying to make vaccine available to people of color.”
Vaccination clinics often popped up in unexpected locations at short notice, and that made it hard for some people to get to them, Dr. Chin-Hong pointed out.
Another factor was “the public aspect of accessing diagnostics and vaccines and the way that that’s linked to potential judgment or sexual risk,” he added.
“Not everybody’s out,” Dr. Chin-Hong said, referring to members of the LGBTQ community. “In many communities of color, going to get a test or going to get a vaccine essentially means that you’re out.”
For clinicians who suspect monkeypox in a child, Dr. Harold suggests keeping a broad differential diagnosis, looking for an epidemiologic link, and contacting the CDC for assistance. Infected children should be encouraged to avoid touching their own eyes or mucous membranes, she added.
In addition, she said, tecovirimat is a reasonable treatment and is well tolerated by pediatric monkeypox patients with eczema, an underlying condition that could lead to severe disease.
For infected caregivers, Dr. Hennessee said, measures to prevent infecting children at home include isolation, contact precautions, and in some cases, postexposure prophylaxis via vaccination.
For sexually active adolescents, he advised that clinicians offer vaccination, education on sexual health, and testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
“It’s important to remember that adolescents may be sexually active, and clinicians should do a thorough and nonjudgmental sexual history,” Dr. Harold added. “That is always true, but especially if there is concern for [monkeypox].”
Dr. Hennessee, Dr. Chin-Hong, and Dr. Harold have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
Monkeypox virus infections in children and adolescents in the United States are rare, and young patients with known infections have all recovered, according to a study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In addition, evidence suggests that secondary transmission in schools or childcare facilities may be unlikely.
The study was the first comprehensive study on the impact of monkeypox on children during the 2022 outbreak, according to a statement emailed to this news organization from the California Department of Public Health, one of the state health departments that partnered with the CDC to share information.
News of low infection rates and relatively mild disease was welcome to clinicians, who had braced for severe findings on the basis of sparse prior data, according to Peter Chin-Hong, MD, a professor of medicine and an infectious diseases physician at the University of California, San Francisco.
“We were on heightened alert that kids may do poorly,” said Dr. Chin-Hong, who was not involved in the study but who cared for monkeypox patients during the outbreak. “I think this study is reassuring.
“The other silver lining about it is that most of the kids got infected in the household setting from ways that you would expect them to get [infected],” Dr. Chin-Hong said in an interview.
However, Black and Hispanic children were more likely to contract the disease, underscoring troubling inequities.
“Early on, individuals of color were much less likely to be able to successfully access vaccination,” said first author Ian Hennessee, PhD, MPH, an epidemic intelligence service officer with the CDC and a member of the Special Case Investigation Unit of the Multinational Monkeypox Response Team at the CDC. “We think those kinds of structural inequities really trickled down towards the children and adolescents that have been affected by this outbreak.”
The study was published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
A nationwide look at the data
The researchers discussed 83 children and adolescents with monkeypox who came to the CDC’s attention between May 17 and Sept. 24, 2022.
The 83 cases represent 0.3% of the 25,038 reported monkeypox cases in the United States over that period. Of the 28 children aged 12 years or younger, 18 (64%) were boys. Sixteen children were younger than 4 years.
Exposure data were available for 20 (71%) of those aged 0-12. In that group, 19 were exposed at home; 17 cases were due to routine skin-to-skin contact with a household caregiver; and one case was suspected to be caused by fomites (such as a shared towel). Exposure information was unavailable for the remaining case.
Most of the children experienced lesions on the trunk. No lesions were anogenital. Two patients in the youngest age group were hospitalized because of widespread rash that involved the eyelids, and a patient in the 5- to 12-year-old group was hospitalized because of periorbital cellulitis and conjunctivitis.
Among those aged 13-17, there were 55 cases. Of these patients, 89% were boys. Exposure data were available for 35 (64%). In 32 of these patients, the infection occurred from presumed sexual contact. Twenty-three of those adolescents reported male-to-male sexual contact. No case was found to be connected with sexual abuse.
Lesions in the adolescents were mostly truncal or anogenital. Six in this group were hospitalized, and all of them recovered. One adolescent was found to be HIV positive.
Black and Hispanic children accounted for 47% and 35% of all cases, respectively.
Eleven percent of all the children and adolescents were hospitalized, and none received intensive care.
Treatments, when given, included the antiviral drug tecovirimat, intravenous vaccinia immune globulin, and topical trifluridine. There were no deaths.
Ten symptomatic patients attended school or daycare. Among these patients, no secondary transmissions were found to have occurred. Some contacts were offered the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis.
Limitations of the study included potentially overlooked cases. Data were collected through routine surveillance, children frequently experience rashes, and access to testing has been a challenge, Dr. Hennessee explained.
In addition, data on exposure characteristics were missing for some children.
Inequities and the risks of being judged
The outbreak in the United States has eased in recent months. However, though uncommon in children, monkeypox has affected some racial groups disproportionately.
“Especially in the later course of the outbreak, the majority of cases were among Black and Hispanic individuals,” said co-author Rachel E. Harold, MD, an infectious diseases specialist and supervisory medical officer with the District of Columbia Department of Health’s HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STDs, and TB Administration.
“Unfortunately, the pediatric cases do reflect the outbreak overall,” she told this news organization.
Dr. Harold noted there have been efforts in D.C. and other jurisdictions, as well as by the White House monkeypox response team, to reach populations at greatest risk and that they were “really trying to make vaccine available to people of color.”
Vaccination clinics often popped up in unexpected locations at short notice, and that made it hard for some people to get to them, Dr. Chin-Hong pointed out.
Another factor was “the public aspect of accessing diagnostics and vaccines and the way that that’s linked to potential judgment or sexual risk,” he added.
“Not everybody’s out,” Dr. Chin-Hong said, referring to members of the LGBTQ community. “In many communities of color, going to get a test or going to get a vaccine essentially means that you’re out.”
For clinicians who suspect monkeypox in a child, Dr. Harold suggests keeping a broad differential diagnosis, looking for an epidemiologic link, and contacting the CDC for assistance. Infected children should be encouraged to avoid touching their own eyes or mucous membranes, she added.
In addition, she said, tecovirimat is a reasonable treatment and is well tolerated by pediatric monkeypox patients with eczema, an underlying condition that could lead to severe disease.
For infected caregivers, Dr. Hennessee said, measures to prevent infecting children at home include isolation, contact precautions, and in some cases, postexposure prophylaxis via vaccination.
For sexually active adolescents, he advised that clinicians offer vaccination, education on sexual health, and testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
“It’s important to remember that adolescents may be sexually active, and clinicians should do a thorough and nonjudgmental sexual history,” Dr. Harold added. “That is always true, but especially if there is concern for [monkeypox].”
Dr. Hennessee, Dr. Chin-Hong, and Dr. Harold have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
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All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>Monkeypox virus infections in children and adolescents in the United States are rare, and young patients with known infections have all recovered, according to </metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>“The other silver lining about it is that most of the kids got infected in the household setting, from ways that you would expect them to get [infected].”</teaser> <title>Monkeypox in children appears rare and relatively mild</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>idprac</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>pn</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term>13</term> <term>15</term> <term>20</term> <term canonical="true">25</term> </publications> <sections> <term canonical="true">39313</term> <term>27970</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">234</term> <term>271</term> <term>203</term> <term>316</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Monkeypox in children appears rare and relatively mild</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p>Monkeypox virus infections in children and adolescents in the United States are rare, and young patients with known infections have all recovered, according to a study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.</p> <p>In addition, evidence suggests that secondary transmission in schools or childcare facilities may be unlikely.<br/><br/>The study was the first comprehensive study on the impact of monkeypox on children during the 2022 outbreak, according to a statement emailed to this news organization from the California Department of Public Health, one of the state health departments that partnered with the CDC to share information.<br/><br/>News of low infection rates and relatively mild disease was welcome to clinicians, who had braced for severe findings on the basis of sparse prior data, according to Peter Chin-Hong, MD, a professor of medicine and an infectious diseases physician at the University of California, San Francisco.<br/><br/>“We were on heightened alert that kids may do poorly,” said Dr. Chin-Hong, who was not involved in the study but who cared for monkeypox patients during the outbreak. “I think this study is reassuring.<br/><br/>“The other silver lining about it is that most of the kids got infected in the household setting from ways that you would expect them to get [infected],” Dr. Chin-Hong said in an interview.<br/><br/>However, Black and Hispanic children were more likely to contract the disease, underscoring troubling inequities.<br/><br/>“Early on, individuals of color were much less likely to be able to successfully access vaccination,” said first author Ian Hennessee, PhD, MPH, an epidemic intelligence service officer with the CDC and a member of the Special Case Investigation Unit of the Multinational Monkeypox Response Team at the CDC. “We think those kinds of structural inequities really trickled down towards the children and adolescents that have been affected by this outbreak.”<br/><br/>The study <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7144a4.htm">was published</a> in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.<br/><br/></p> <h2>A nationwide look at the data</h2> <p>The researchers discussed 83 children and adolescents with monkeypox who came to the CDC’s attention between May 17 and Sept. 24, 2022.</p> <p>The 83 cases represent 0.3% of the 25,038 reported monkeypox cases in the United States over that period. Of the 28 children aged 12 years or younger, 18 (64%) were boys. Sixteen children were younger than 4 years.<br/><br/>Exposure data were available for 20 (71%) of those aged 0-12. In that group, 19 were exposed at home; 17 cases were due to routine skin-to-skin contact with a household caregiver; and one case was suspected to be caused by fomites (such as a shared towel). Exposure information was unavailable for the remaining case.<br/><br/>Most of the children experienced lesions on the trunk. No lesions were anogenital. Two patients in the youngest age group were hospitalized because of widespread rash that involved the eyelids, and a patient in the 5- to 12-year-old group was hospitalized because of periorbital cellulitis and conjunctivitis.<br/><br/>Among those aged 13-17, there were 55 cases. Of these patients, 89% were boys. Exposure data were available for 35 (64%). In 32 of these patients, the infection occurred from presumed sexual contact. Twenty-three of those adolescents reported male-to-male sexual contact. No case was found to be connected with sexual abuse.<br/><br/>Lesions in the adolescents were mostly truncal or anogenital. Six in this group were hospitalized, and all of them recovered. One adolescent was found to be HIV positive.<br/><br/>Black and Hispanic children accounted for 47% and 35% of all cases, respectively.<br/><br/>Eleven percent of all the children and adolescents were hospitalized, and none received intensive care.<br/><br/>Treatments, when given, included the antiviral drug tecovirimat, intravenous vaccinia immune globulin, and topical trifluridine. There were no deaths.<br/><br/>Ten symptomatic patients attended school or daycare. Among these patients, no secondary transmissions were found to have occurred. Some contacts were offered the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis.<br/><br/>Limitations of the study included potentially overlooked cases. Data were collected through routine surveillance, children frequently experience rashes, and access to testing has been a challenge, Dr. Hennessee explained.<br/><br/>In addition, data on exposure characteristics were missing for some children.<br/><br/></p> <h2>Inequities and the risks of being judged</h2> <p>The outbreak in the United States has eased in recent months. However, though uncommon in children, monkeypox has affected some racial groups disproportionately.</p> <p>“Especially in the later course of the outbreak, the majority of cases were among Black and Hispanic individuals,” said co-author Rachel E. Harold, MD, an infectious diseases specialist and supervisory medical officer with the District of Columbia Department of Health’s HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STDs, and TB Administration.<br/><br/>“Unfortunately, the pediatric cases do reflect the outbreak overall,” she told this news organization.<br/><br/>Dr. Harold noted there have been efforts in D.C. and other jurisdictions, as well as by the White House monkeypox response team, to reach populations at greatest risk and that they were “really trying to make vaccine available to people of color.”<br/><br/>Vaccination clinics often popped up in unexpected locations at short notice, and that made it hard for some people to get to them, Dr. Chin-Hong pointed out.<br/><br/>Another factor was “the public aspect of accessing diagnostics and vaccines and the way that that’s linked to potential judgment or sexual risk,” he added.<br/><br/>“Not everybody’s out,” Dr. Chin-Hong said, referring to members of the LGBTQ community. “In many communities of color, going to get a test or going to get a vaccine essentially means that you’re out.”<br/><br/>For clinicians who suspect monkeypox in a child, Dr. Harold suggests keeping a broad differential diagnosis, looking for an epidemiologic link, and contacting the CDC for assistance. Infected children should be encouraged to avoid touching their own eyes or mucous membranes, she added.<br/><br/>In addition, she said, tecovirimat is a reasonable treatment and is well tolerated by pediatric monkeypox patients with eczema, an underlying condition that could lead to severe disease.<br/><br/>For infected caregivers, Dr. Hennessee said, measures to prevent infecting children at home include isolation, contact precautions, and in some cases, postexposure prophylaxis via vaccination.<br/><br/>For sexually active adolescents, he advised that clinicians offer vaccination, education on sexual health, and testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.<br/><br/>“It’s important to remember that adolescents may be sexually active, and clinicians should do a thorough and nonjudgmental sexual history,” Dr. Harold added. “That is always true, but especially if there is concern for [monkeypox].”<br/><br/>Dr. Hennessee, Dr. Chin-Hong, and Dr. Harold have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.<span class="end"/></p> <p> <em>A version of this article first appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/983879">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>