Actinic Keratoses Update

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are no longer considered precancerous lesions and are formally considered the earliest stage in the development of skin cancer. This definition must be incorporated into texts, lectures, and all publications as it reflects the importance of AKs biologically, the way they are treated, and prevention. Treatments and goals in caring for AKs are diverse and depend on the patient’s profile. Combination therapy is the ideal. A review of the types of AK lesions and appropriate uses of current treatment modalities (eg, curettage, shave, excision, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapies, photodynamic therapy, laser/intense pulsed light rejuvenation, chemical peels, retinoids, and combination therapy) is discussed. Preventive measures, including broad spectrum UVA/UVB sunscreens, protective clothing, tanning beds, and oral therapies are included. As new therapies in treatment and prevention evolve, adaptation in patient care must be made.