Applied Evidence

Shortness of breath: Looking beyond the usual suspects

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Most of the time dyspnea is due to either a primary lung or cardiovascular problem such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary embolism (PE), pneumonia, congestive heart failure (CHF), or myocardial infarction. However, many other illnesses can also produce this symptom (TABLE 1). This article will review the uncommon etiologies of dyspnea that should be considered when the usual suspects have been eliminated.

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