Ephedra and ephedrine: Modest short-term weight loss, with a price

Products containing ephedrine and ephedra promote a 0.6–1.0 kg/mo weight loss over 2 to 6 months. However, the impact of these products on long-term weight loss or athletic performance is uncertain. Their use is associated with a 2- to 3-fold higher rate of psychiatric symptoms, autonomic hyperactivity, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and heart palpitations. Several serious adverse events—such as death, myocardial infarction, and stroke—have been reported, with a rate estimated at <0.1%.