Port-Wine Birthmarks: Shorter Interval Laser Treatments Show Promise in Infants

TOPLINE:

Infants with port-wine birthmarks (PWB) achieved near-total or total clearance with weekly pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatments in a case-series of 10 infants.

METHODOLOGY:

• Early intervention of PWB in infants can significantly improve outcomes, and some studies suggest shorter intervals between laser treatments may be more effective. While laser treatment with PDL is the gold standard, the optimal treatment interval has not been determined.
• Researchers evaluated the records of 10 infants with PWB who received weekly PDL treatments from 2022 to 2023 at a single center. Treatment was initiated when the infants were 6 months old or younger, with the median age at the first treatment being 4 weeks. Of the 10 infants, eight had Fitzpatrick skin types I-III and two had skin type IV.
• Two dermatologists assessed photographs taken before and after laser treatment, and the primary outcome was the percentage improvement of PWB.

TAKEAWAY:

• Of the 10 patients, six achieved near-total (76%-95%) clearance, and one achieved total (96%-100%) clearance of PWB at a mean of 2 months after the first treatment.
• Marked improvement (51%-75%) in PWB was observed in the remaining three patients, who achieved near-total clearance with additional treatments.
• The median duration of treatment was 2 months (range, 0.2-5.1), and a median of eight treatments (range, 2-20) were needed to achieve near total or total clearance.
• No adverse events were reported, including pigmentary changes, scarring, burns, erosions, or infections.

IN PRACTICE:

The outcomes in the case series, the authors concluded, “are compelling and warrant attention and further investigation into the possibility that this novel and decreased treatment interval of 1 week ... is associated with potential improvement in outcomes and shorter overall treatment duration.”

SOURCE:

This study was led by Shirin Bajaj, MD, of the Laser & Skin Surgery Center of New York, where the infants were treated, and was published online on April 17, 2024, in JAMA Dermatology.

LIMITATIONS:

A small sample size and the lack of a comparison arm limited the ability to draw any conclusions or make treatment recommendations based on the results.

DISCLOSURES:

The authors disclosed no conflicts of interest.

A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.