Lung Cancer Screening May Promote Earlier COPD Intervention
The current study examines the prevalence of undiagnosed COPD, especially among low-income and minority populations, in an asymptomatic high-risk group. “By integrating lung cancer CT screening with the detection of pulmonary comorbidities on LDCT and respiratory symptoms, the current study aimed to identify individuals with undiagnosed COPD,” said Dharani K. Narendra, MD, of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, in an interview.
“The study highlighted the feasibility and potential benefits of coupling lung cancer screening tests with COPD detection, which is noteworthy, and hits two targets with one arrow — early detection of lung cancer and COPD — in high-risk groups, Dr. Narendra said.
“Although the USPSTF recommends against screening for COPD in asymptomatic patients, abnormal pulmonary comorbidities observed on CT chest scans could serve as a gateway for clinicians to screen for COPD,” said Dr. Narendra. “This approach allows for early diagnosis, education on smoking cessation, and timely treatment of COPD, potentially preventing lung function deterioration and reducing the risk of exacerbations,” she noted.
The finding that one third of previously undiagnosed and asymptomatic patients with COPD showed significant rates of airflow obstruction on spirometry is consistent with previous research, Dr. Narendra told this news organization.
“Interestingly, in questions about specific symptoms, undiagnosed COPD patients reported higher rates of dyspnea, more cough, and breathing difficulties affecting their daily activities, at 16.1%, 27.4%, and 24.5%, respectively, highlighting a lower perception of symptoms,” she said.
“Barriers to lung cancer screening in urban, high-risk communities include limited healthcare facility access, insufficient awareness of screening programs, financial constraints, and cultural or language barriers,” said Dr. Narendra.
Potential strategies to overcome these barriers include improving access through additional screening centers and providing transportation, implementing community-based education and outreach programs to increase awareness about the benefits of lung cancer screening and early COPD detection, and providing financial assistance in the form of free screening options and collaboration with insurers to cover screening expenses, she said.
“Healthcare providers must recognize the dual benefits of lung cancer screening programs, including the opportunity to screen for undiagnosed COPD,” Dr. Narendra emphasized. “This integrated approach is crucial in identifying high-risk individuals who could benefit from early intervention and effective management of COPD. Clinicians should actively support implementing comprehensive screening programs incorporating assessments for pulmonary comorbidities through LDCT and screening questionnaires for COPD symptoms,” she said.
“Further research is needed to evaluate long-term mortality outcomes and identify best practices to determine the most effective methods and cost-effectiveness for implementing and sustaining combined screening programs in various urban settings,” Dr. Narendra told this news organization.
Other areas to address in future studies include investigating specific barriers to screening among different high-risk groups and tailoring interventions to improve screening uptake and adherence, Narendra said. “By addressing these research gaps, health care providers can optimize screening programs and enhance the overall health of urban, high-risk populations,” she added.
The study received no outside funding. The researchers had no financial conflicts to disclose. Dr. Narendra serves on the editorial board of CHEST Physician.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.