From the Journals
Lifetime risk of hand OA comes close to 40%
Risk approaches 50% for women and the obese, according to data from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project.
Updated EULAR recommendations on the management of hand osteoarthritis include five overarching principles as well as two new recommendations that reflect new research in the field.
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The task force, led by Margreet Kloppenburg, MD, PhD, of the department of rheumatology at Leiden (the Netherlands) University Medical Center, noted that a decade had passed since the first recommendations were published in 2007.
“It was timely to update the recommendations, as many new studies had emerged during this period. In light of this new evidence, many of the 2007 recommendations were modified and new recommendations were added,” wrote Dr. Kloppenburg and her colleagues. The recommendations were published online in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.
They noted that the recommendations were targeted to all health professionals across primary and secondary care but also aimed to inform patients about their disease to “support shared decision making.”
In line with other EULAR sets of management recommendations, the update included five overarching principles that cover treatment goals, information and education for patients, individualization of treatment, shared decision making between clinicians and patients, and the need to take into consideration a multidisciplinary and multimodal (pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic) treatment approach.
The authors noted that for a long time hand OA was a “forgotten disease” and this was reflected by the paucity of clinical trials in the area. As a direct consequence, previous recommendations were based on expert opinion rather than evidence.
However, new data allowed the task force to recommend not to treat patients with hand OA with conventional synthetic or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The recommendation achieved the strongest level of evidence and a high level of agreement from the 19-member expert panel, which included 2 patient research partners. The authors said the recommendation was based on newer studies that demonstrated a lack of efficacy of csDMARDs and bDMARDs.
The authors also advised adapting the long-term follow-up of patients with hand OA to individual needs, although they noted this was based on expert opinion alone and that in the absence of a disease-modifying treatment, the goal of follow-up differs from that of many other rheumatic diseases. Individual needs will dictate the degree of follow-up required, based on the severity of symptoms, presence of erosive disease, reevaluation of the use of pharmacologic therapy, and a patient’s wishes and expectations. They also noted that “for most patients, standard radiographic follow-up is not useful at this moment” and that “follow-up does not necessarily have to be performed by a rheumatologist.
“Follow-up will likely increase adherence to nonpharmacological therapies like exercise or orthoses, and provides an opportunity for reevaluation of treatment,” they wrote.
The recommendations advise offering education and training in ergonomic principles and exercises to patients to improve function and muscle strength, as well as considering the use of orthoses in some patients.
Treatment recommendations suggested preferring topical treatments over systemic treatments and that oral analgesics, particularly NSAIDs, should be considered for a limited duration. The authors advised that chondroitin sulfate may be used in patients for pain relief and improvement in functioning and that intra-articular glucocorticoids should not generally be used but may be considered in patients with painful interphalangeal joints. Surgery should be considered for patients with structural abnormalities when other treatment modalities have not been sufficiently effective in relieving pain.
The recommendations were funded by EULAR. Several of the authors reported receiving consultancy fees and/or honoraria as well as research funding from industry.
SOURCE: Kloppenburg M et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018 Aug 28. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213826.