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Meta-Analysis Finds Combination Cream Plus Tranexamic Acid Effective for Melasma
TOPLINE:
A meta-analysis showed that .
METHODOLOGY:
- Current treatments for melasma focus on inducing remission and preventing relapse. Tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug, has shown promise in recent studies, but its optimal use, either alone or as an adjunct to TCC, remains unclear.
- Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials patients that compared oral tranexamic acid plus TCC (hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and hydrocortisone) and TCC alone in 480 patients with melasma, divided almost evenly into the two treatment groups.
- The main outcome was the change in the Melasma Severity Area Index (MASI) score and recurrence rate from baseline.
TAKEAWAY:
- Patients treated with oral tranexamic acid plus TCC showed a greater reduction in MASI scores compared with those who received TCC alone (mean difference, −3.10; P = .03).
- The recurrence rate of melasma was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid plus TCC group (risk ratio [RR], 0.28; P < .001).
- There was no significant difference in the incidences of erythema (RR, 0.63; P = .147) and burning (RR, 0.59; P = .131).
IN PRACTICE:
“Evidence indicates that oral tranexamic acid confers clinical benefits, contributing to the enhancement of treatment outcomes in melasma when used in conjunction with TCC therapy,” and results are promising with regards to minimizing recurrence, the authors concluded.
SOURCE:
The study was led by Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, MS, of the Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil, and was published online on June 8, 2024, in Clinical and Experimental Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
There was heterogeneity across studies, including different methods of administration, treatment protocols (including dosage), and timing of treatment.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
A meta-analysis showed that .
METHODOLOGY:
- Current treatments for melasma focus on inducing remission and preventing relapse. Tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug, has shown promise in recent studies, but its optimal use, either alone or as an adjunct to TCC, remains unclear.
- Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials patients that compared oral tranexamic acid plus TCC (hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and hydrocortisone) and TCC alone in 480 patients with melasma, divided almost evenly into the two treatment groups.
- The main outcome was the change in the Melasma Severity Area Index (MASI) score and recurrence rate from baseline.
TAKEAWAY:
- Patients treated with oral tranexamic acid plus TCC showed a greater reduction in MASI scores compared with those who received TCC alone (mean difference, −3.10; P = .03).
- The recurrence rate of melasma was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid plus TCC group (risk ratio [RR], 0.28; P < .001).
- There was no significant difference in the incidences of erythema (RR, 0.63; P = .147) and burning (RR, 0.59; P = .131).
IN PRACTICE:
“Evidence indicates that oral tranexamic acid confers clinical benefits, contributing to the enhancement of treatment outcomes in melasma when used in conjunction with TCC therapy,” and results are promising with regards to minimizing recurrence, the authors concluded.
SOURCE:
The study was led by Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, MS, of the Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil, and was published online on June 8, 2024, in Clinical and Experimental Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
There was heterogeneity across studies, including different methods of administration, treatment protocols (including dosage), and timing of treatment.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
A meta-analysis showed that .
METHODOLOGY:
- Current treatments for melasma focus on inducing remission and preventing relapse. Tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug, has shown promise in recent studies, but its optimal use, either alone or as an adjunct to TCC, remains unclear.
- Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials patients that compared oral tranexamic acid plus TCC (hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and hydrocortisone) and TCC alone in 480 patients with melasma, divided almost evenly into the two treatment groups.
- The main outcome was the change in the Melasma Severity Area Index (MASI) score and recurrence rate from baseline.
TAKEAWAY:
- Patients treated with oral tranexamic acid plus TCC showed a greater reduction in MASI scores compared with those who received TCC alone (mean difference, −3.10; P = .03).
- The recurrence rate of melasma was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid plus TCC group (risk ratio [RR], 0.28; P < .001).
- There was no significant difference in the incidences of erythema (RR, 0.63; P = .147) and burning (RR, 0.59; P = .131).
IN PRACTICE:
“Evidence indicates that oral tranexamic acid confers clinical benefits, contributing to the enhancement of treatment outcomes in melasma when used in conjunction with TCC therapy,” and results are promising with regards to minimizing recurrence, the authors concluded.
SOURCE:
The study was led by Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, MS, of the Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil, and was published online on June 8, 2024, in Clinical and Experimental Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
There was heterogeneity across studies, including different methods of administration, treatment protocols (including dosage), and timing of treatment.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>168499</fileName> <TBEID>0C050AD1.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C050AD1</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>Published-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20240621T143052</QCDate> <firstPublished>20240621T162314</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20240621T162552</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20240621T162314</CMSDate> <articleSource/> <facebookInfo>if you cannot find this story to link, subcutaneous is misspelled in the headline https://www.mdedge.com/dermatology/article/26</facebookInfo> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Shilpa Chugh Garcha</byline> <bylineText>SHILPA CHUGH GARCHA</bylineText> <bylineFull>SHILPA CHUGH GARCHA</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText/> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType/> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>the use of oral tranexamic acid along with the standard triple combination cream (TCC) reduces melasma severity and recurrence in patients with melasma, without</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>Tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug, has shown promise in recent studies, but its optimal use, either alone or as an adjunct to TCC, remains unclear.</teaser> <title>Meta-Analysis Finds Combination Cream Plus Tranexamic Acid Effective for Melasma</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>2</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>ob</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> <term>23</term> </publications> <sections> <term>53</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">276</term> <term>177</term> <term>203</term> <term>27442</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Meta-Analysis Finds Combination Cream Plus Tranexamic Acid Effective for Melasma</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <h2>TOPLINE:</h2> <p>A meta-analysis showed that <span class="tag metaDescription">the use of oral tranexamic acid along with the standard triple combination cream (TCC) reduces melasma severity and recurrence in patients with melasma, without increasing toxicity</span>.</p> <h2>METHODOLOGY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Current treatments for melasma focus on inducing remission and preventing relapse. Tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug, has shown promise in recent studies, but its optimal use, either alone or as an adjunct to TCC, remains unclear.</li> <li>Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials patients that compared oral tranexamic acid plus TCC (hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and hydrocortisone) and TCC alone in 480 patients with melasma, divided almost evenly into the two treatment groups.</li> <li>The main outcome was the change in the Melasma Severity Area Index (MASI) score and recurrence rate from baseline.</li> </ul> <h2>TAKEAWAY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Patients treated with oral tranexamic acid plus TCC showed a greater reduction in MASI scores compared with those who received TCC alone (mean difference, −3.10; <em>P </em>= .03).</li> <li>The recurrence rate of melasma was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid plus TCC group (risk ratio [RR], 0.28; <em>P</em> < .001).</li> <li>There was no significant difference in the incidences of erythema (RR, 0.63; <em>P</em> = .147) and burning (RR, 0.59; <em>P</em> = .131).</li> </ul> <h2>IN PRACTICE:</h2> <p>“Evidence indicates that oral tranexamic acid confers clinical benefits, contributing to the enhancement of treatment outcomes in melasma when used in conjunction with TCC therapy,” and results are promising with regards to minimizing recurrence, the authors concluded.</p> <h2>SOURCE:</h2> <p>The study was led by Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, MS, of the Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil, and was <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://academic.oup.com/ced/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ced/llae226/7689701?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false">published online</a></span> on June 8, 2024, in <em>Clinical and Experimental Dermatology</em>.</p> <h2>LIMITATIONS:</h2> <p>There was heterogeneity across studies, including different methods of administration, treatment protocols (including dosage), and timing of treatment.</p> <h2>DISCLOSURES:</h2> <p>The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.<br/><br/></p> <p> <em>A version of this article appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/oral-tranexamic-acid-boosts-melasma-outcomes-topical-2024a1000b6r">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
Cosmetic Tattoo Ingredients Associated With Contact Dermatitis
TOPLINE:
, but the ability to identify these allergies in patients is limited.
METHODOLOGY:
- While the allergenic potential of pigments in traditional tattoos has been documented, there is less clarity about pigments used in inks contained in cosmetic tattoos, also known as permanent makeup, and their association with ACD.
- Researchers conducted an Internet search and identified 974 individual permanent makeup ink products sold in the United States and also identified 79 unique pigments in those products.
- They evaluated the safety data sheets of these products and performed a PubMed search to identify documented ACD cases related to these pigments.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 79 pigments, 20 contained inorganic metals, which included iron, aluminum, silicone, chromium, copper, titanium, molybdenum, and manganese.
- Organic pigments were more common: 59 of the remaining pigments were organic compounds, mostly azo, quinacridone, or anthraquinone dyes, including 4 black pigments made from carbon only.
- A literature search identified 29 cases where patients had developed ACD thought to be caused by at least one of the 79 pigments identified by the authors of the current study and included 10 of the 79 pigments (12%).
- In 18 of the 29 cases in the literature, patch testing to the suspected pigment had been performed; in 3 cases, ACD was suspected without confirmatory testing.
IN PRACTICE:
Permanent makeup is becoming more popular, and there have been reports of ACD related to pigments contained in the inks, the authors wrote. “Traditional patch testing methods may not be useful in confirming the presence of a pigment allergy, even if one is suspect,” they added. “Consumers and patch testing physicians would benefit from better labeling of tattoo inks and the development of protocols designed to specifically test for tattoo pigment allergies.”
[embed:render:related:node:267782]
SOURCE:
The study was led by Sarah Rigali, MS, of Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago Medical School, Chicago, and coauthors from the Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, published online in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
The study is limited by incomplete safety data sheets. So, many brands of permanent makeup ink could not be investigated. In addition, some pigments may not be fully disclosed in ingredient lists and precise ink content measurements were not available.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
, but the ability to identify these allergies in patients is limited.
METHODOLOGY:
- While the allergenic potential of pigments in traditional tattoos has been documented, there is less clarity about pigments used in inks contained in cosmetic tattoos, also known as permanent makeup, and their association with ACD.
- Researchers conducted an Internet search and identified 974 individual permanent makeup ink products sold in the United States and also identified 79 unique pigments in those products.
- They evaluated the safety data sheets of these products and performed a PubMed search to identify documented ACD cases related to these pigments.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 79 pigments, 20 contained inorganic metals, which included iron, aluminum, silicone, chromium, copper, titanium, molybdenum, and manganese.
- Organic pigments were more common: 59 of the remaining pigments were organic compounds, mostly azo, quinacridone, or anthraquinone dyes, including 4 black pigments made from carbon only.
- A literature search identified 29 cases where patients had developed ACD thought to be caused by at least one of the 79 pigments identified by the authors of the current study and included 10 of the 79 pigments (12%).
- In 18 of the 29 cases in the literature, patch testing to the suspected pigment had been performed; in 3 cases, ACD was suspected without confirmatory testing.
IN PRACTICE:
Permanent makeup is becoming more popular, and there have been reports of ACD related to pigments contained in the inks, the authors wrote. “Traditional patch testing methods may not be useful in confirming the presence of a pigment allergy, even if one is suspect,” they added. “Consumers and patch testing physicians would benefit from better labeling of tattoo inks and the development of protocols designed to specifically test for tattoo pigment allergies.”
[embed:render:related:node:267782]
SOURCE:
The study was led by Sarah Rigali, MS, of Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago Medical School, Chicago, and coauthors from the Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, published online in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
The study is limited by incomplete safety data sheets. So, many brands of permanent makeup ink could not be investigated. In addition, some pigments may not be fully disclosed in ingredient lists and precise ink content measurements were not available.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
, but the ability to identify these allergies in patients is limited.
METHODOLOGY:
- While the allergenic potential of pigments in traditional tattoos has been documented, there is less clarity about pigments used in inks contained in cosmetic tattoos, also known as permanent makeup, and their association with ACD.
- Researchers conducted an Internet search and identified 974 individual permanent makeup ink products sold in the United States and also identified 79 unique pigments in those products.
- They evaluated the safety data sheets of these products and performed a PubMed search to identify documented ACD cases related to these pigments.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 79 pigments, 20 contained inorganic metals, which included iron, aluminum, silicone, chromium, copper, titanium, molybdenum, and manganese.
- Organic pigments were more common: 59 of the remaining pigments were organic compounds, mostly azo, quinacridone, or anthraquinone dyes, including 4 black pigments made from carbon only.
- A literature search identified 29 cases where patients had developed ACD thought to be caused by at least one of the 79 pigments identified by the authors of the current study and included 10 of the 79 pigments (12%).
- In 18 of the 29 cases in the literature, patch testing to the suspected pigment had been performed; in 3 cases, ACD was suspected without confirmatory testing.
IN PRACTICE:
Permanent makeup is becoming more popular, and there have been reports of ACD related to pigments contained in the inks, the authors wrote. “Traditional patch testing methods may not be useful in confirming the presence of a pigment allergy, even if one is suspect,” they added. “Consumers and patch testing physicians would benefit from better labeling of tattoo inks and the development of protocols designed to specifically test for tattoo pigment allergies.”
[embed:render:related:node:267782]
SOURCE:
The study was led by Sarah Rigali, MS, of Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago Medical School, Chicago, and coauthors from the Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, published online in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
The study is limited by incomplete safety data sheets. So, many brands of permanent makeup ink could not be investigated. In addition, some pigments may not be fully disclosed in ingredient lists and precise ink content measurements were not available.
DISCLOSURES:
The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>168397</fileName> <TBEID>0C05086D.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C05086D</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20240612T124032</QCDate> <firstPublished>20240612T130108</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20240612T130108</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20240612T130108</CMSDate> <articleSource/> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Shilpa Chugh Garcha</byline> <bylineText>SHILPA CHUGH GARCHA</bylineText> <bylineFull>SHILPA CHUGH GARCHA</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText/> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType>News</newsDocType> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>Pigments in permanent makeup inks include those that have been reported to cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>Permanent makeup is becoming more popular, and there have been reports of ACD related to pigments contained in the inks.</teaser> <title>Cosmetic Tattoo Ingredients Associated With Contact Dermatitis</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> </publications> <sections> <term canonical="true">39313</term> <term>27970</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">199</term> <term>203</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Cosmetic Tattoo Ingredients Associated With Contact Dermatitis</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <h2>TOPLINE:</h2> <p><span class="tag metaDescription">Pigments in permanent makeup inks include those that have been reported to cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)</span>, but the ability to identify these allergies in patients is limited.</p> <h2>METHODOLOGY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>While the allergenic potential of pigments in traditional tattoos has been documented, there is less clarity about pigments used in inks contained in cosmetic tattoos, also known as permanent makeup, and their association with ACD.</li> <li>Researchers conducted an Internet search and identified 974 individual permanent makeup ink products sold in the United States and also identified 79 unique pigments in those products.</li> <li>They evaluated the safety data sheets of these products and performed a PubMed search to identify documented ACD cases related to these pigments.</li> </ul> <h2>TAKEAWAY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Of the 79 pigments, 20 contained inorganic metals, which included iron, aluminum, silicone, chromium, copper, titanium, molybdenum, and manganese.</li> <li>Organic pigments were more common: 59 of the remaining pigments were organic compounds, mostly azo, quinacridone, or anthraquinone dyes, including 4 black pigments made from carbon only.</li> <li>A literature search identified 29 cases where patients had developed ACD thought to be caused by at least one of the 79 pigments identified by the authors of the current study and included 10 of the 79 pigments (12%).</li> <li>In 18 of the 29 cases in the literature, patch testing to the suspected pigment had been performed; in 3 cases, ACD was suspected without confirmatory testing.</li> </ul> <h2>IN PRACTICE:</h2> <p>Permanent makeup is becoming more popular, and there have been reports of ACD related to pigments contained in the inks, the authors wrote. “Traditional patch testing methods may not be useful in confirming the presence of a pigment allergy, even if one is suspect,” they added. “Consumers and patch testing physicians would benefit from better labeling of tattoo inks and the development of protocols designed to specifically test for tattoo pigment allergies.”</p> <h2>SOURCE:</h2> <p>The study was led by Sarah Rigali, MS, of Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago Medical School, Chicago, and coauthors from the Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, <a href="https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622(24)00830-2/abstract">published online</a> in the <em>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</em>.</p> <h2>LIMITATIONS:</h2> <p>The study is limited by incomplete safety data sheets. So, many brands of permanent makeup ink could not be investigated. In addition, some pigments may not be fully disclosed in ingredient lists and precise ink content measurements were not available.</p> <h2>DISCLOSURES:</h2> <p>The study reported receiving no funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.<span class="end"/></p> <p> <em>A version of this article appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/permanent-makeup-pigments-linked-allergic-contact-dermatitis-2024a1000aym">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>