ORLANDO – Ad hoc percutaneous coronary intervention is performed nearly six times more frequently than planned PCI in older patients undergoing elective PCI for stable coronary artery disease, according to a national study of Medicare claims data for 2009-2014.
The data showed no evident downside to ad hoc PCI in patients over age 65. Indeed, the ad hoc PCI strategy was associated with a significantly lower adjusted risk of in-hospital bleeding, compared with non–ad hoc PCI. The two approaches didn’t differ significantly in terms of in-hospital acute kidney injury or mortality, Kamil F. Faridi, MD, reported at the annual meeting of the American College of Cardiology.
In the past, concern had been voiced that ad hoc PCI – that is, PCI performed during the same session as diagnostic coronary angiography – doesn’t allow time for optimization of medical therapy prior to intervention, which might in theory result in worse outcomes. But such was not the case in a study of 169,434 patients age 65 years and up who underwent PCI for stable CAD with no evidence of acute coronary syndrome.
Moreover, ad hoc PCI offers several distinct advantages: a single vascular access, shorter net time in hospital, and lower cost, noted Dr. Faridi, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.
The proportion of elective PCIs that were performed on an ad hoc basis rose during the study years, from 77% in 2009 to 85% in 2014.
Patients who underwent ad hoc PCI were more likely to have angina symptoms before intervention. They were less likely to have peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, complex lesion anatomy, or multivessel PCI than were patients who had planned PCI. Non–ad hoc PCI was more likely to occur at high-volume centers.
The in-hospital bleeding rate was 2.9% in the ad hoc PCI group, significantly lower than the 3.8% rate in the planned PCI patients. In an analysis adjusted for potential confounders, this translated to a 14% relative risk reduction. In-hospital acute kidney injury occurred in 8.0% of the ad hoc PCI group and 9.2% of the planned PCI group. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.4% with ad hoc and 0.5% with planned PCI.
Dr. Faridi’s study was supported by the ACC National Cardiovascular Data Registry. He reported having no financial conflicts.
SOURCE: Faridi KF. ACC 2018, Abstract 1306-468/468