16. What’s the evidence?
Deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease--United States, 2000-2005. MMWR 2008;57(45):1229-32.
Summary of statistics on COPD-related mortality, noting an increase over the five-year period encompassed.
Agusti A, Calverley PM, Celli B, et al. Characterization of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respiratory Research 2010;11:122.
A broad look at the demographics of a COPD referral-based population."Typical" referral-based populations may differ from patients seen in individual practices.
Anzueto A. Primary care management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to reduce exacerbations and their consequences. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 2010;340(4):309-18.
Review of COPD therapies and evidence-based treatment recommendations.
Barnes PJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2000;343(4):269-80.
Broad overview of COPD pathogenesis.
Bon JM, Leader JK, Weissfeld JL, et al. The influence of radiographic phenotype and smoking status on peripheral blood biomarker patterns in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PloS One 2009;4(8):e6865.
Assessment of the utility of a panel of serum biomarkers applied to a population of patients in a large cancer screening program. While biomarker candidates of interest can be identified, no serum test can be recommended in patient management based on these results.
Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al. Cardiovascular events in patients with COPD: TORCH study results. Thorax 2010;65(8):719-25.
Evaluation of the safety of long-acting beta-agonists in a large trial that included subjects with coronary artery disease.
Castaldi PJ, Cho MH, Cohn M, et al. The COPD genetic association compendium: a comprehensive online database of COPD genetic associations. Human Molecular Genetics 2010;19(3):526-34.
Summary of the current results of genetic approaches to uncovering important COPD risk-related genes.
Celli BR. Predictors of mortality in COPD. Respiratory Medicine 2010;104(6):773-9.
Summary of the current data and usefulness of the BODE index in predicting survival in COPD.
Celli BR, Halbert RJ. Point: should we abandon FEV/FVC <0.70 to detect airway obstruction? No. Chest 2010;138(5):1037-40.
Commentary on the debate around defining COPD using a fixed value for FEV1/FVC versus an approach based on the lower limit of normal (LLN).
Criner GJ, Cordova F, Sternberg AL, Martinez FJ. The NETT part II: lessons learned about lung volume reduction surgery. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011 [electronic version]. Retrieved from http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/reprint/201103-0455CIv1.
Summary of the short- and long-term outcome results of the largest lung volume reduction surgery trial with important subgroup analysis that should influence referral practice.
de Torres JP, Casanova C, Pinto-Plata V, et al. Gender differences in plasma biomarker levels in a cohort of COPD patients: a pilot study. PloS One 2010;6(1):e16021.
Summary of the results of the use of a panel of plasma biomarkers in COPD. No clear plasma test can be recommended to determine therapeutic decisions.
DeMeo DL, Campbell EJ, Brantly ML, et al. Heritability of lung function in severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Human Heredity 2009;67(1):38-45.
Discussion of the influence of factors other than A1AT levels on lung function in patients with severe A1AT deficiency.
Eisner MD, Anthonisen N, Coultas D, et al. An official American Thoracic Society public policy statement: novel risk factors and the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010;182(5):693-718.
Discussion of the relative importance of environmental (other than cigarette-smoke related) and genetic effects on development of COPD.
Fletcher C, Peto R. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. British Medical Journal 1977;1(6077):1645-8.
Original longitudinal study of the relationship between smoking and decline in lung function.
Hunninghake GM, Cho MH, Tesfaigzi Y, et al. MMP12, lung function, and COPD in high-risk populations. N Engl J Med 2009;361(27):2599-608.
Large trial that confirmed the utility of the candidate gene approach as a useful method in detecting genes associated with COPD severity. However, the magnitude of risk and the lack of test availability preclude its use for genetic counseling or in applications of specific therapeutics.
Kim V, Han MK, Vance GB, et al. The chronic bronchitic phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of the COPD gene study. Available at: http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/early/2011/04/06/chest.10-2948.long.
Description of the characteristics associated with the chronic bronchitis phenotype in a large referral-based cohort of patients with COPD. Active smoking and frequent acute exacerbations are associated with this phenotype.
Lin K, Watkins B, Johnson T, Rodriguez JA, Barton MB. Screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometry: summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Annals Internal Med 2008;148(7):535-43.
Guidelines for the use of spirometry in screening for COPD.
O'Donnell DE, Hernandez P, Kaplan A, et al. Canadian Thoracic Society recommendations for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 2008 update: highlights for primary care. Can Respir J 2008;15 Suppl A:1A-8A.
Concise review of contemporary treatment recommendations in COPD.
Pauwels RA, Buist AS, Calverley PM, Jenkins CR, Hurd SS. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Workshop summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;163(5):1256-76.
Comprehensive review of COPD diagnosis and treatment.
Pickard AS, Jung E, Bartle B, Weiss KB, Lee TA. Coded cause of death and timing of COPD diagnosis. COPD 2009;6(1):41-7.
Discussion of the relationship between the duration of the COPD diagnosis and cause of death.
Silverman EK, Sandhaus RA. Clinical practice: Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. N Engl J Med 2009;360(26):2749-57.
Summary of the pathophysiology and clinical management of A1AT deficiency.
Sorheim IC, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, et al. Alpha-antitrypsin protease inhibitor MZ heterozygosity is associated with airflow obstruction in two large cohorts. Chest 2010;138(5):1125-32.
A look at the risk of even mild A1AT deficiency in the longitudinal loss of lung function.
Tashkin D, Celli B, Kesten S, Lystig T, Decramer M. Effect of tiotropium in men and women with COPD: results of the 4-year UPLIFT trial. Respiratory Medicine 2010;104(10):1495-504.
Report of results of the long-term use of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) tiotropium in a large cohort of patients with COPD. Multiple outcomes, including FEV1, quality of life, frequency of exacerbations, and respiratory mortality, demonstrate benefit. Subset analyses suggest that early use of the drug in mild or moderate, symptomatic COPD is justified, even in young patients.
Telenga ED, Kerstjens HA, Postma DS, Ten Hacken NH, van den Berge M. Inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 2010;11(3):405-21.
Summary of trials involving inhaled corticosteroids with or without concomitant use of long-acting beta-agonists in COPD.
The National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. Reduced lung cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomography screening. N Engl J Med 2011. Available at: www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1102873.
Summary of results of the largest lung cancer screening trial comparing chest radiography with computed tomography in a broad population of greater than thirty-pack-year smokers that resulted in a significant survival benefit. Includes evaluation of the impact of such a high rate of false-positive scans that will require invasive diagnostic procedures if this practice is adopted.
Washko GR, Martinez FJ, Hoffman EA, et al. Physiological and computed tomographic predictors of outcome from lung volume reduction surgery. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010;181(5):494-500.
Interesting approach using retrospective data to offer a possible prediction of non-mortality outcomes of LVRS that may influence decisions regarding surgical referral.
Reposted with permission from Decision Support in Medicine, LLC.