Physeal Fracture of the Distal Femur in a Newborn: Role of Arthrography

Making the diagnosis of a physeal separation of the distal end of the femur in a newborn is a true challenge. The radiological diagnosis is not always simple and a high index of suspicion is needed. Also, knowing the age of appearance of the ossific nuclei helps in reaching a diagnosis. However, it is imperative to perform a differential diagnosis with other causes that may compromise the life of the newborn. An early diagnosis and adequate treatment are fundamental in avoiding permanent deformity of the affected limb. We present a case report, along with a review of the literature, to describe the clinical and radiological findings that aid in reaching a diagnosis and giving the proper treatment. We also point out the importance of the role of the arthrography and closed reduction as an alternative to simple open reduction.