Evidence-Based Reviews

Antidepressants in bipolar disorder: 7 myths and realities

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References

Step 4: Consider novel strategies. In the absence of a response to the strategy outlined above—particularly among poor candidates for continued antidepressant therapy—other novel strategies have support from at least 1 randomized controlled trial, including pramipexole,32,33 modafinil,34 riluzole,35 and n-acetyl cysteine.36 Other interventions worth considering include:

  • adjunctive thyroid hormone
  • cognitive therapy
  • light therapy (if a seasonal component is evident)
  • electroconvulsive therapy.

Related resources

Drug brand names

  • Atomoxetine • Strattera
  • Bupropion • Wellbutrin
  • Carbamazepine • Tegretol, Equetro
  • Citalopram • Celexa
  • Desipramine • Norpramin
  • Desvenlafaxine • Pristiq
  • Divalproex • Depakote, Depakene
  • Duloxetine • Cymbalta
  • Escitalopram • Lexapro
  • Fluoxetine • Prozac
  • Fluvoxamine • Luvox
  • Imipramine • Tofranil
  • Isocarboxazid • Marplan
  • Lamotrigine • Lamictal
  • Lithium • Lithobid, Eskalith
  • Milnacipran • Ixel, Savella
  • Mirtazapine • Remeron
  • Moclobemide • Aurorix, Manerix
  • Modafinil • Provigil
  • Nefazodone • Serzone
  • Olanzapine • Zyprexa
  • Olanzapine-fluoxetine • Symbyax
  • Paroxetine • Paxil
  • Phenelzine • Nardil
  • Pramipexole • Mirapex
  • Quetiapine • Seroquel
  • Riluzole • Rilutek
  • Selegiline transdermal • EMSAM
  • Sertraline • Zoloft
  • Tranylcypromine • Parnate
  • Venlafaxine • Effexor

Disclosures

Dr. Goldberg is a consultant to Eli Lilly and Company and a speaker for AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Pfizer Inc., and has received speaking honoraria from Janssen-Cilag.

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